Revenue publishes five VAT percentages for Ireland, and the 23% standard rate is the one the calculator above is using.
More rates than most
Revenue's table of current rates, effective 1 January 2026, lists a standard rate of 23%, a reduced rate of 13.5%, a second reduced rate of 9% and a livestock rate of 4.8%, alongside a flat-rate compensation percentage for farmers of 4.5%.
Two of the five are agricultural, the livestock rate and the flat-rate compensation percentage for farmers, which is why the calculator above works at the standard rate and leaves those to an accountant.
Thresholds depend on what you sell
The principal thresholds split by the nature of the supply. Persons supplying goods register at €85,000; persons supplying services only register at €42,500. Supply both, and where 90% or more of turnover comes from goods the higher figure applies.
Cross-border trade is caught earlier. Distance sales of goods into the State and cross-border telecommunications, broadcasting and electronic services are caught at €10,000, measured across every member state a supplier sells into rather than Ireland alone; acquisitions from other member states are caught at €41,000.
A person not established here who supplies taxable goods or services to taxable customers in the State must register irrespective of turnover, unless they avail of the VAT SME Scheme.
Domestic-only or intra-EU
Ireland splits registration in two, which catches out anyone expecting a single VAT number. Since June 2019 an applicant has had to say whether they want a domestic-only or an intra-EU registration, a change made to speed up domestic applications and to reduce the risk from missing traders in cross-border fraud.
Domestic-only registration covers trading within the State and with countries outside the European Union, and a holder can apply for intra-EU status later at any time. Intra-EU applicants have to hand over rather more: customer types, the due diligence done on EU suppliers, turnover for the previous and current year, and evidence of trade or of a firm intention to trade. Approval puts you on VIES automatically.
What counts as turnover
Turnover for these tests is the value, excluding VAT, of taxable supplies, supplies of immovable goods, certain financial transactions and insurance services in a calendar year.
Occasional disposals of business assets drop out of the sum. In Revenue's own worked example a trader with €70,000 of sales who also sells a delivery van for €20,000 still counts €70,000 rather than €90,000.
Ireland: common questions
What VAT rates does Ireland charge?
Revenue publishes a standard rate of 23%, a reduced rate of 13.5%, a second reduced rate of 9%, a livestock rate of 4.8% and a flat-rate compensation percentage for farmers of 4.5%.
What is the Irish VAT registration threshold?
It depends on what you sell. Suppliers of goods register at €85,000 and suppliers of services only at €42,500, with the higher figure applying to mixed businesses where goods make up 90% or more of turnover.
Do I need a domestic-only or an intra-EU VAT registration?
Domestic-only suits trade within the State and with countries outside the European Union. Selling to other member states needs the intra-EU tier, which asks for evidence of trade and lists you on VIES; a domestic-only holder can apply to upgrade later at any time.
Figures on this page are from Revenue. Rules change, so check the source before relying on one. Calculator for every other country.
How to add GST or VAT to a price
If you have a price that does not yet include tax, multiply it by one plus the rate. At a 10% rate that means multiplying by 1.1; at 20%, by 1.2.
Total = price × (1 + rate)
So a $200 service at 10% GST becomes $220, of which $20 is tax. The tax itself is the price multiplied by the rate.
How to remove GST or VAT from a total
Work backwards by dividing. The rate went onto the smaller number, so taking the same percentage off the larger one comes up short.
Price before tax = total ÷ (1 + rate)
Tax = total − price before tax
A $110 invoice at 10% GST breaks down to $100 plus $10 of tax. Subtracting 10% of $110 would have given you $99, which is wrong by a dollar, and the error grows with the amount.
Why the tax is never the full rate of the total
A 10% rate adds 10% to the price, but that tax is then only about 9.09% of the resulting total, because the total got bigger. The bar at the top of this page shows that gap. The higher the rate, the wider it gets: at 20% VAT, the tax is one sixth of the total, or 16.67%.
Shortcuts worth memorising
At certain rates the tax inside a total is a clean fraction, which makes mental checks easy.
| Rate | Tax inside a total | Tax as % of total |
|---|---|---|
| 5% | total ÷ 21 | 4.76% |
| 10% | total ÷ 11 | 9.09% |
| 15% | total × 3 ÷ 23 | 13.04% |
| 20% | total ÷ 6 | 16.67% |
| 25% | total ÷ 5 | 20.00% |
Standard rates around the world
The rates below are standard rates, the ones that apply to most goods and services. Many countries also run reduced rates for essentials such as food, books, medicine and transport, so check which band your transaction falls into before relying on a figure.
| Country | Tax | Standard rate |
|---|---|---|
| Austria | VAT | 20% |
| Belgium | VAT | 21% |
| Bulgaria | VAT | 20% |
| Croatia | VAT | 25% |
| Cyprus | VAT | 19% |
| Czech Republic | VAT | 21% |
| Denmark | VAT | 25% |
| Estonia | VAT | 24% |
| Finland | VAT | 25.5% |
| France | VAT | 20% |
| Germany | VAT | 19% |
| Greece | VAT | 24% |
| Hungary | VAT | 27% |
| Ireland | VAT | 23% |
| Italy | VAT | 22% |
| Latvia | VAT | 21% |
| Lithuania | VAT | 21% |
| Luxembourg | VAT | 17% |
| Malta | VAT | 18% |
| Netherlands | VAT | 21% |
| Poland | VAT | 23% |
| Portugal | VAT | 23% |
| Romania | VAT | 21% |
| Slovakia | VAT | 23% |
| Slovenia | VAT | 22% |
| Spain | VAT | 21% |
| Sweden | VAT | 25% |
| Iceland | VAT | 24% |
| Norway | VAT | 25% |
| Russia | VAT | 22% |
| Serbia | VAT | 20% |
| Switzerland | VAT | 8.1% |
| Turkey | VAT | 20% |
| Ukraine | VAT | 20% |
| United Kingdom | VAT | 20% |
| Argentina | VAT | 21% |
| Brazil | ICMS | 17% |
| Canada | GST | 5% |
| Chile | VAT | 19% |
| Colombia | VAT | 19% |
| Mexico | VAT | 16% |
| Peru | VAT | 18% |
| Australia | GST | 10% |
| China | VAT | 13% |
| India | GST | 18% |
| Indonesia | VAT | 11% |
| Japan | Consumption tax | 10% |
| Malaysia | SST | 10% |
| New Zealand | GST | 15% |
| Philippines | VAT | 12% |
| Singapore | GST | 9% |
| South Korea | VAT | 10% |
| Thailand | VAT | 7% |
| Vietnam | VAT | 10% |
| Egypt | VAT | 14% |
| Israel | VAT | 18% |
| Nigeria | VAT | 7.5% |
| Saudi Arabia | VAT | 15% |
| South Africa | VAT | 15% |
| United Arab Emirates | VAT | 5% |
Rates last reviewed September 2026. Governments change them at short notice, so confirm against your own tax authority before you file anything.
Country guides
Each guide keeps this calculator and adds what the country's own revenue authority says about the tax: which rate applies to what, when registering stops being optional, and what falls outside the rate altogether.
Common questions
What is the difference between GST and VAT?
Very little, mechanically. Both are consumption taxes charged at each stage of supply, with businesses claiming back the tax they paid on inputs so that only the final consumer carries the cost. The name is regional: Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, India and Canada say GST, most of Europe and much of the world says VAT, Japan says consumption tax. The arithmetic on this page is identical either way.
How do I work out the GST included in a total?
Divide the total by one plus the rate to get the price before tax, then subtract that from the total. At a 10% rate there is a faster route: divide the total by 11. Switch this calculator to "includes tax" and it does either for you.
Why doesn't the tax equal 10% of my total?
Because the 10% was added to the smaller number. Ten per cent of $100 is $10, and that $10 is only 9.09% of the $110 total. Any time you work backwards from a tax-inclusive figure, you divide rather than subtract a percentage.
Which rate should I use?
Pick your country above and the standard rate fills in. Many countries tax food, books or transport in a lower band; if your supply sits in one of those, type that rate into the box instead. Where a supply is zero-rated or exempt, no tax applies at all, though the two differ for reclaim purposes.
How should rounding be handled on an invoice?
This page rounds to the nearest cent and always keeps the three figures consistent, so the base and the tax add exactly to the total. Accounting systems and tax authorities vary on whether rounding happens per line or per invoice, which can shift a total by a cent. If you are reconciling against a system that disagrees, that is usually the reason.
Is this a salary calculator?
No. This one handles sales tax, where net is the price before tax and gross is the price after it. Payroll uses the same two words the other way round: there, gross is your pay before deductions and net is what actually reaches your account. If you are converting a salary, you want a take-home pay calculator for your country, not this page.
Does this send my numbers anywhere?
No. Every calculation runs in your browser. Nothing is uploaded, logged or stored beyond your last-used country and rate, which stay on your own device.